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Local and dynamic D2- to D1-neuron modulation in the striatum is necessary for reshaping goal-directed learning.

Miriam Matamales, Alice E. McGovern, Jia Dai Mi, Stuart B. Mazzone, Bernard W. Balleine, Jesus Bertran-Gonzalez

Science, Volume 367, Issue 6477, pp 5649-555

January 2020

Abstract

Extinction learning allows animals to withhold voluntary actions that are no longer related to reward and so provides a major source of behavioral control. Although such learning is thought to depend on dopamine signals in the striatum, the way the circuits that mediate goal-directed control are reorganized during new learning remains unknown. Here, by mapping a dopamine-dependent transcriptional activation marker in large ensembles of spiny projection neurons (SPNs) expressing dopamine receptor type 1 (D1-SPNs) or 2 (D2-SPNs) in mice, we demonstrate an extensive and dynamic D2- to D1-SPN transmodulation across the striatum that is necessary for updating previous goal-directed learning. Our findings suggest that D2-SPNs suppress the influence of outdated D1-SPN plasticity within functionally relevant striatal territories to reshape volitional action.

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